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to damage something badly so that it is no longer good; to destroy something completely I spilled coffee on my jacket and ruined it. The rain ruined our picnic.

ru • in2/ ' ruin / noun [ count ] a building that has been badly damaged The old castle is now a ruin.

in ruins

badly damaged or destroyed The city was in ruins after the war.

rule 1 © / rul / noun

[ count ] something that tells you what you must or must not do

It's against the rules to smoke.

to break a rule (= do something that you should not do )

[ noncount ] government

The country is under military rule .

rule 2 © / rul / verb ( rules , rul ing , ruled )

( POLITICS ) to control a country The queen ruled for many years.

rul • er / ' rular / noun [ count ]

a long piece of plastic, metal, or wood that you use for drawing straight lines or for measuring things

— Look at the picture at stationery .

( POLITICS ) a person who rules a country

rum / rAm/ noun [ count, noncount ]

a strong alcoholic drink that is made from the sugar plant

rum • ble / ' rAmbl / verb ( rum bles, rum - bling, rum bled )

to make a long, deep sound

I'm so hungry that my stomach is rumbling.

► rum • ble noun [ singular ]

a rumble of thunder

ru • mor / ' rumar / noun [ count, noncount ]

something that a lot of people are talking about that is perhaps not true

There's a rumor that our teacher is leaving.

ГиП 1 © / глп / verb ( runs , run ning , ran / raen / has run )

1 to move very quickly on your legs

was late, so I ran to the bus stop.

to control something and make it work Who runs the business?

to work or make something work

The car had stopped but the engine was still running. You can run this software on your home computer.

to go; to make a trip

The buses don't run on Sundays.

to move something somewhere He ran his fingers through his hair.

to pass or go somewhere The road runs across the fields.

to flow

The Mississippi River runs into the Gulf of Mexico.

8 to be one of the people who is trying to win an election He ran for senator in Ohio.

run after someone or something to try to catch a

person or an animal

The dog ran after a rabbit.

—SYNONYM chase

run away to go quickly away from a place She ran away from home when she was 14.

—SYNONYM escape

run into someone to meet someone by chance Guess who I ran into today?

run into someone or something to crash into someone or something

The bus went out of control and ran into a line of people. run out of something to have no more of something We've run out of coffee. Will you go and buy some? run over someone or something to hit a person or an animal with your car or other vehicle The dog was run over by a bus.

run 2© / глп/ noun [count ] 1 an act of moving very quickly on your legs

go for a run every morning.

( SPORTS ) a point in the game of baseball Our team won by two runs.

run-down / | rAn daun / adjective

(used about a building or place) in bad condition a run-down apartment building

( HEALTH ) (used about a person) very tired and not healthy, especially because you have been working too hard

rung1 form of ring 2

rung2 / rAg / noun [ count ]

one of the steps of a ladder (= a piece of equipment that is used for climbing up something )

—Look at the picture at ladder . run • ner / ' rAnar / noun [ count ]

( SPORTS ) a person who runs

run • ner-up / |rAnar 4p / noun [ count ] ( plural run - ners-up )

( SPORTS ) a person or team that comes second in a race or competition