Читаем Leningrad полностью

22 Nikita Lomagin, Soldiers at War: German Propaganda and Soviet Army Morale during the Battle of Leningrad 1941–44, Carl Beck Papers, 1306, p. 14.

23 Irina Reznikova (Flige), ‘Repressii v period blokady Leningrada’, Vestnik ‘Memoriala’ 4/5 (10/11), 1995, p. 102.

24 Richard Bidlack, ‘The Political Mood in Leningrad during the First Year of the Soviet-German War’, The Russian Review, 59 (January 2000), pp. 102–3.

25 For a vivid description of Moscow’s bolshoi drap, see Rodric Braithwaite, Moscow 1941: A City and its People at War, pp. 244–55.

26 Salisbury, 900 Days, p. 352, and Michael Jones, Leningrad: State of Siege, p. 135.

27 Gouré, The Siege of Leningrad, p. 183; RGASPI: Fond 558, op. 11, yed. khr. 492, p. 55.

28 RGASPI: Fond 558, op.11, yed. khr. 492, p. 60.

29 N. Voronov, ‘V trudnye vremena’, Voyenno-istoricheskiy zhurnal no. 9, 1961, pp. 71–2.

30 RGASPI: Fond 558, op. 11, yed. khr. 492, p. 64.

31 RGASPI: Fond 77, op. 3, delo 126, p. 9. Also TsAMO: Fond 96a, op. 2011, delo 5, pp. 138–40.

32 TsAMO: Fond 96a, op. 2011, delo 5, pp. 138–40.

33 RGASPI: Fond 77, op. 4, delo 48, p. 51.

34 See for example a letter from Kuznetsov to Stalin of 8 November 1941. RGASPI: Fond 77, op. 4, delo 48, pp. 51, 54.

35 RGASPI: Fond 77, op. 3, delo 126, p. 24. Also TsAMO: Fond 113a, op. 3272, delo 3, pp. 166–71.

Chapter 8: 125 Grams

1 Marina Starodubtseva (née Yerukhmanova), Krugovorot vremeni i sudby: vospominaniya. The manuscript was written in the late 1970s and is held by the Starodubtsev family. Chapter 7, pp. 506–17, covers the author’s siege experiences.

2 See Nikita Lomagin, Neizvestnaya blokada, vol. 2, doc. 7, p. 34, and Dmitri Pavlov, Leningrad 1941: The Blockade, p. 48.

3 Lomagin, Neizvestnaya blokada, vol. 2, p. 191.

4 Pavlov, Leningrad 1941, p. 49. Notes to Pages 161–171

5 Ibid., p. 31.

6 Ales Adamovich and Daniil Granin, A Book of the Blockade, p. 348.

7 Pavlov, Leningrad 1941, pp. 51–3.

8 Starodubtseva, Krugovorot vremena i sudby: vospominaniya, p. 510.

9 Leningrad oblast ispolkom order of 3 November 1941. RGASPI: Fond 17, op. 43, delo 1137, p. 8.

10 Andrei Dzeniskevich, ed., Leningrad v osade: sbornik dokumentov, doc. 20, pp. 188–90.

11 Ibid., pp. 111–12.

12 Pavlov, Leningrad 1941, p. 64.

13 Quoted in ibid., p. 66.

14 See the fascinating chapters on the Solovetsky camps in Anne Applebaum’s Gulag: A History of the Soviet Camps, pp. 40–72.

15 Vasili Grossman, Life and Fate, p. 465.

16 Alexander Werth, Russia at War, 1941–1945, p. 188.

17 Pavlov, Leningrad 1941, p. 55.

18 Pär Sparén et al., ‘Long Term Mortality after Severe Starvation during the Siege of Leningrad: Prospective Cohort Study’, British Medical Journal 328 (3 January 2004), pp. 11–14.

19 Pavlov, Leningrad 1941, p. 120.

20 Ibid., pp. 79–80.

21 Aleksandr Boldyrev, Osadnaya zapis: blokadniy dnevnik, p. 78 (29 March 1942).

22 Valentina Gorokhova, in Cynthia Simmons and Nina Perlina, eds, Writing the Siege of Leningrad: Women’s Diaries, Memoirs and Documentary Prose, p. 88.

23 Pavlov, Leningrad 1941, p. 123. Also see an order of 26 December 1941, signed by Andreyenko, that Academicians be given a special delivery of butter, potted meat or fish, eggs, sugar, grain, chocolate, flour and wine. Dzeniskevich, ed., Leningrad v osade, doc. 98, p. 209.

24 Anna Ostroumova-Lebedeva, Avtobiograficheskiye zapiski: Leningrad v blokade p. 274 (20 January 1942).

25 Simmons and Perlina, eds, Writing the Siege of Leningrad, p. 32.

26 Pavlov, Leningrad 1941, pp. 69, 80–81.

27 Protocol 50 of the Leningrad City Party Committee, 9 January 1942. RGASPI: Fond 17, op. 43, delo 1149, p. 9.

28 Lomagin, Neizvestnaya blokada, vol. 1, pp. 151–2. For more such examples see Protocol 53 of the Leningrad City Party Committee, 25 February 1942. RGASPI: Fond 17, op. 43, delo 1149, p. 121.

29 Pavlov, Leningrad 1941, p. 73. Notes to Pages 172–189

30 Lidiya Ginzburg, Blockade Diary, pp. 81–2.

31 Ivan Zhilinsky, ‘Blokadniy dnevnik’, Voprosy istorii, 5–6, 1996, p. 24 (4 January 1942).