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See Gary Saul Morson, The Boundaries of Genre: Dostoevsky's "Diary of a Writer" and the Traditions of Literary Utopia (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1981), as well as his introductions to the full and condensed versions of the Diary's translation: "In­troductory Study: Dostoevsky's Great Experiment," in Fyodor Dostoevsky, A Writer's Diary, 2 vols., trans. and annotated Kenneth Lantz, 1-117 (Evanston, 1ll.: Northwestern University Press, 1993); and "Editor's Introduction: The Process and Composition of a Writer's Diary," in Fyodor Dostoevsky, A Writer's Diary, one-volume abridged edition, trans. and annotated Kenneth Lantz, xix-lxiii (Evanston, 1ll.: Northwestern University Press, 2009).

In 1837, the heir to the throne visited Vyatka, to which Herzen had been exiled. Herzen was detailed to guide the tsarevich and his tutor, the poet Zhukovsky, through an exhibit of local products; soon afterward, Zhukovsky was able to bring about Her­zen's transfer to Vladimir. See My Past and Thoughts, 1:278-82.

Let 5:172.

This was said of the rural writer Viktor Astaf'ev after his death; from an unsigned obituary in Kul'tura, December 2001.

Herzen, My Past and Thoughts, 4:1763.

Berlin, Flourishing, 280.

Kermit McKenzie, "The Political Faith of Fedor Rodichev," in Essays on Russian Liberalism, ed. Charles E. Timberlake (Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 1972), 49. The Russian-Jewish writer S. An-sky called an early journalistic effort The Bells of Vitebsk (Vitebsker gleklekh) in Herzen's honor. See Gabriella Safran, Wandering Soul (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2010), 17-18.

This is part of the same passage quoted in the epigraph.

Robert Service, Trotsky: A Biography (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2009), 64.

Maksim Gorkii, "Iz istorii russkoi literatury," in Izbrannye literaturno-kriticheskie stat'i (Moscow: Khudozhestvennaia Literatura, 1941), 70.

Anatolii Lunacharskii, "Aleksandr Ivanovich Gertsen," in Sobranie sochinenii (Moscow: Khudozhestvennaia literatura, 1963), 1:142-51.

Iurii M. Steklov, A. I. Gertsen (Iskander) 1812-1870 g. (Moscow: Gosudarstven- naia Izdatel'stvo, 1920), 37, 43, 64. Nikolay Ogaryov's remains were repatriated in the mid-1960s.

For example: Georgii Plekhanov, "Rech' na mogile A. I. Gertsena v Nitstse: 7 apre- lia 1912," in Sochinenii (Moscow: Gosudarstvennaia Izdatel'stvo, 1926), 23:453-56; and Lunacharskii, "Aleksandr Ivanovich Gertsen," 1:129-42.

S. V. Utechin, Russian Political Thought: A Concise History (New York: Frederick A. Praeger, 1964), 117.

James Crichtlow, Radio Hole-in-the-Head: Radio Liberty, An Insider's Story of Cold War Broadcasting (Washington, D.C.: American University Press, 1995), 19, 85, 171-72. Ludmilla Alekseyeva, U.S. Broadcasting to the Soviet Union (New York: Helsinki Watch Committee, 1986), 29-30.

Irina Paperno, Stories of the Soviet Experience: Memoirs, Diaries, Dreams (Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 2009), 9-12.

Cited by Harrison Salisbury, The 900 Days: The Siege of Leningrad (New York: Harper and Row, 1969), 253. See Vera Inber, Pochti tri goda (Leningrad: Sovetskii pisa- tel', 1946), 7-8.

Lidiia Chukovskaia, Zapiski ob Anne Akhmatovoi v trekh tomakh (Moscow: So- glasie, 1997), 2:544 (Nov. 4, 1962).

Rachel Polonsky, Molotov's Magic Lantern: A Journey Through Russian History (Lon­don: Faber and Faber, 2010), 77-80. For a variety of bicentennial week assessments of Herzen, see: Literaturnaia gazeta, April 4, 2012.

Chukovskaia, Zapiski ob Anne Akhmatovoi, 2:577 (Dec. 29, 1962).

Chukovskaia, Zapiski ob Anne Akhmatovoi, 2:264 (Sept. 14, 1957). The Herzen quote is from "Otvet I. S. Aksakovu," which appeared in Kolokol no. 240 (May 1, 1867), and was republished in Gertsen, Sobranie sochinenii, 19:244-55. Other Herzen scholars of a liberal cast included Natan Eidelman and Lidiya Ginzburg.

Vladislav Zubok, Zhivago's Children: The Last Russian Intelligentsia (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2009), 67. Zubok goes on to mention an underground group at the Leningrad Institute of Technology called the Bell, whose members were soon arrested by the KGB (156).