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blood to expose a hunting dog to the scent or blood of its prey.

buck fever a psychological problem in which the hunter chokes up under pressure and is unable to aim or shoot at a sighted deer.

buckshot lead shot in large sizes for shooting deer and other big game.

cast the ranging about by a dog in search of game or in search of the game's scent.

deadset a dog's stance when game is located.

decoy a fake duck used to attract other ducks to a hunting area.

deer rifle commonly, a .30-.30, .30-.06, or .308.

gun dog a hunting dog trained to flush out and retrieve small game. A pointer, setter, or retriever.

spoor collective term for the droppings, tracks, shed hair, or other signs of game on a trail.

spread the width of a set of deer antlers.

stool a bunch of decoys grouped together.

mountaineering

(Also see mountains in environment)

arrest to slow and stop the fall of a climber by grip­ping and squeezing the belaying rope.

avalanche cord a long, brightly colored length of cord allowed to trail behind a climber in an avalanche zone; the rope facilitates the location of a climber if buried under an avalanche.

belay any object, such as a rock, a climber uses to tie himself to for security. Also, holding or securing a rope for a fellow climber. Also, playing out a rope to a climber ahead.

bergschrund a crevasse located where a glacier has broken away from a mountain.

bivouac to make a temporary, makeshift shelter on a mountainside. Also, the shelter itself.

brake bar a short bar that attaches to a carabiner to slow or stop a rope during rappeling.

buttress a projection, usually flanked by a gully on either side, on a mountainside.

carabiner a ring having a spring catch, used to con­nect ropes to pitons.

chimney a narrow, vertical passageway through which a climber may pass.

chockstone a stone wedged in a crack and used as a handhold.

cliff hanger a hook attached to any small projection or crack and hung with a foot stirrup.

cornice a wavelike overhang of ice and snow, noto­rious for starting avalanches.

couloir a ravine or gorge up the side of a moun­tain; it provides an easy ascent route, but it is dan­gerous because it serves as a channel for falling rocks.

crampon toothed, metal boot attachments to increase traction on ice.

crevasse a crack or fissure in a glacier.

descendeur a waist line device for gripping rope and slowing descent when rappeling.

etrier a short rope ladder.

exposure the state of being dangerously exposed on a precipitous cliff or steep flank with open space below the climber's feet.

freeclimbing climbing without the aid of pitons and bolts or any kind of mechanical assistance.

glacis a rock slope up to 30 degrees.

glissade to slide down a slope by the soles of one's feet.

ice ax a spiked, adzelike tool used for cutting steps in ice or used as a belay anchor.

ice hammer a tool with one end having a hammer and the other a long spike.

ice screw a threaded spike screwed into the ice.

mantel to climb up onto a shelf or ledge by holding onto its edge and swinging one leg up and over, as in climbing out of a pool.

mountain sickness sickness encountered at above 10,000 feet where air is thin; symptoms include headaches and nausea, which disappear during the descent.

pendulum traversing a steep face by swinging side­ways on a rope; a horizontal rappel.

piton a metal spike, wedge, or peg driven into rock or ice to secure a climber.

rappel to descend a cliff face by the use of ropes.

serac a high wall or tower of ice, hazardous to climb.

slab to move diagonally up a steep slope to make climbing easier.

stance a rest spot on a cliff climb.

summit pack a small backpack for carrying climb­ing gear and clothing.

switchback to zigzag to counter steep slopes. Also, a trail that zigzags to facilitate climbing.

traverse to move sideways across a slope or cliff.

racquetball

ace a serve that scores a point without a return from the opponent.

around-the-wall ball a ball played off high on the sidewall that then strikes the front wall, the opposite sidewall, then the floor.

avoidable hinder interference from an opponent that could have been avoided; a violation result­ing in a side-out or a point to the player interfered with.

back court court area between the back wall and the short line.

backhand same as a backhand in tennis, with the racquet hand sweeping forward from the opposite side of the body.

backhand corner the court area on each player's backhand side.

backspin rotation or bottom spin imparted on a ball by angling the sweep of the racket.

back wall shot a ball played after it bounces off the rear wall.