Читаем Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s Dictionary полностью

2 VERB If you crusade for a particular cause, you make a long and determined effort to achieve something for it. □ [V + against/for ] …a newspaper that has crusaded against the country's cocaine traffickers. □ [V -ing] …an adopted boy whose cause is taken up by a crusading lawyer.

3 N‑PROPER‑PLURAL The Crusades were the wars that were fought by Christians in Palestine against the Muslims during the eleventh, twelfth, and thirteenth centuries.

cru|sad|er /kruːse I də ^r / (crusaders )

1 N‑COUNT A crusader for a cause is someone who does a lot in support of it. □ [+ for ] He has set himself up as a crusader for higher press and broadcasting standards.

2 N‑COUNT A Crusader was a knight who fought in the Crusades.

crush /krʌ ʃ/ (crushes , crushing , crushed )

1 VERB To crush something means to press it very hard so that its shape is destroyed or so that it breaks into pieces. □ [V n] Andrew crushed his empty can. □ [V n] Peel and crush the garlic. □ [V -ed] …crushed ice.

2 VERB To crush a protest or movement, or a group of opponents, means to defeat it completely, usually by force. □ [V n] The military operation was the first step in a plan to crush the uprising. ●  crush|ing N‑UNCOUNT □ [+ of ] …the violent crushing of anti-government demonstrations.

3 VERB [usu passive] If you are crushed by something, it upsets you a great deal. □ [be V -ed] Listen to criticism but don't be crushed by it.

4 VERB [usu passive] If you are crushed against someone or something, you are pushed or pressed against them. □ [be V -ed prep] We were at the front, crushed against the stage.

5 N‑COUNT [usu sing] A crush is a crowd of people close together, in which it is difficult to move. □  Franklin and his thirteen-year-old son somehow got separated in the crush.

6 N‑COUNT If you have a crush on someone, you are in love with them but do not have a relationship with them. [INFORMAL ] □ [+ on ] She had a crush on you, you know.

crush|er /krʌ ʃə ^r / (crushers ) N‑COUNT [usu n N ] A crusher is a piece of equipment used for crushing things. □  …a garlic crusher.

crush|ing /krʌ ʃ I ŋ/ ADJ [ADJ n] A crushing defeat, burden, or disappointment is a very great or severe one. [EMPHASIS ] □  His loss would be a crushing blow to Liverpool's title hopes.

crush|ing|ly /krʌ ʃ I ŋli/ ADV [ADV adj] You can use crushingly to emphasize the degree of a negative quality. [EMPHASIS ] □  …a collection of crushingly bad jokes.

crust /krʌ st/ (crusts )

1 N‑COUNT The crust on a loaf of bread is the outside part.

2 N‑COUNT A pie's crust is its cooked pastry.

3 N‑COUNT A crust is a hard layer of something, especially on top of a softer or wetter substance. □ [+ of ] As the water evaporates, a crust of salt is left on the surface of the soil.

4 N‑COUNT The Earth's crust is its outer layer. □  Earthquakes leave scars in the Earth's crust.

5 → see also upper crust

crus|ta|cean /krʌste I ʃ ^ə n/ (crustaceans ) N‑COUNT A crustacean is an animal with a hard shell and several pairs of legs, which usually lives in water. Crabs, lobsters, and shrimps are crustaceans.

crust|ed /krʌ st I d/ ADJ If something is crusted with a substance, it is covered with a hard or thick layer of that substance. [LITERARY ] □ [+ with ] …flat grey stones crusted with lichen. ● COMB Crusted is also a combining form. □  He sat down to remove his mud-crusted boots.

crusty /krʌ sti/ (crustier , crustiest ) ADJ [usu ADJ n] Crusty bread has a hard, crisp outside. □  …crusty French loaves.

crutch /krʌ tʃ/ (crutches )