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con|fron|ta|tion ◆◇◇ /kɒ nfrʌnte I ʃ ^ə n/ (confrontations ) N‑VAR A confrontation is a dispute, fight, or battle between two groups of people. □ [+ with ] The commission remains so weak that it will continue to avoid confrontation with governments.

con|fron|ta|tion|al /kɒ nfrʌnte I ʃən ^ə l/ ADJ If you describe the way that someone behaves as confrontational , you are showing your disapproval of the fact that they are aggressive and likely to cause an argument or dispute. [DISAPPROVAL ] □  The committee's confrontational style of campaigning has made it unpopular.

con|fuse /kənfjuː z/ (confuses , confusing , confused )

1 VERB If you confuse two things, you get them mixed up, so that you think one of them is the other one. □ [V n] Great care is taken to avoid confusing the two types of projects. □ [V n + with ] I can't see how anyone could confuse you with another! ●  con|fu|sion /kənfjuː ʒ ^ə n/ N‑UNCOUNT □  Use different colours of felt pen on your sketch to avoid confusion.

2 VERB To confuse someone means to make it difficult for them to know exactly what is happening or what to do. □ [V n] German politics surprised and confused him.

3 VERB To confuse a situation means to make it complicated or difficult to understand. □ [V n] To confuse the issue, the amount of sleep people need varies enormously.

con|fused /kənfjuː zd/

1 ADJ If you are confused , you do not know exactly what is happening or what to do. □ [+ about/by ] A survey showed people were confused about what they should eat to stay healthy. □  Things were happening too quickly and Brian was confused.

2 ADJ Something that is confused does not have any order or pattern and is difficult to understand. □  The situation remains confused as both sides claim success.

con|fus|ing /kənfjuː z I ŋ/ ADJ Something that is confusing makes it difficult for people to know exactly what is happening or what to do. □  The statement is highly confusing.

con|fu|sion /kənfjuː ʒ ^ə n/ (confusions )

1 N‑VAR If there is confusion about something, it is not clear what the true situation is, especially because people believe different things. □ [+ about ] There's still confusion about the number of casualties. □  Omissions in my recent article must have caused confusion.

2 N‑UNCOUNT Confusion is a situation in which everything is in disorder, especially because there are lots of things happening at the same time. □  There was confusion when a man fired shots.

3 → see also confuse

con|ga /kɒŋ gə/ (congas ) N‑COUNT If a group of people dance a conga , they dance in a long winding line, with each person holding on to the back of the person in front.

con|geal /kəndʒiː l/ (congeals , congealing , congealed ) VERB When a liquid congeals , it becomes very thick and sticky and almost solid. □ [V ] The blood had started to congeal. □ [V -ed] …spilled wine mingled with congealed soup.

con|gen|ial /kəndʒiː niəl/ ADJ [usu ADJ n] A congenial person, place, or environment is pleasant. [FORMAL ] □  He is back in more congenial company.

con|geni|tal /kəndʒe n I t ^ə l/

1 ADJ [usu ADJ n] A congenital disease or medical condition is one that a person has had from birth, but is not inherited. [MEDICAL ] □  When John was 17, he died of congenital heart disease. ●  con|geni|tal|ly ADV [ADV adj/-ed] □  …congenitally deaf patients.