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1 ADJ If you are in a buoyant mood, you feel cheerful and behave in a lively way. □  You will feel more buoyant and optimistic about the future than you have for a long time.

2 ADJ A buoyant economy is a successful one in which there is a lot of trade and economic activity. □  We have a buoyant economy and unemployment is considerably lower than the regional average. □  Analysts expect the share price to remain buoyant.

3 ADJ A buoyant object floats on a liquid. □  This was such a small and buoyant boat.

bur|ble /bɜː ^r b ^ə l/ (burbles , burbling , burbled )

1 VERB If something burbles , it makes a low continuous bubbling sound. □ [V prep] The water burbled over gravel. □ [V ] The river gurgled and burbled.

2 VERB If you say that someone is burbling , you mean that they are talking in a confused way. □ [V n] He burbled something incomprehensible. □ [V + about ] Key burbled about the wonderful people who contribute to tourism. □ [V + on about ] He burbles on about freedom. [Also V that, V with quote]

bur|den ◆◇◇ /bɜː ^r d ^ə n/ (burdens , burdening , burdened )

1 N‑COUNT If you describe a problem or a responsibility as a burden , you mean that it causes someone a lot of difficulty, worry, or hard work. □ [+ of ] The developing countries bear the burden of an enormous external debt. □  Her death will be an impossible burden on Paul. □  The financial burden will be more evenly shared. [Also + on ]

2 N‑COUNT A burden is a heavy load that is difficult to carry. [FORMAL ]

3 VERB If someone burdens you with something that is likely to worry you, for example a problem or a difficult decision, they tell you about it. □ [V n + with ] We decided not to burden him with the news. [Also V n]

4 → see also beast of burden COLLOCATIONS burden NOUN 1

noun + burden : debt, tax

adjective + burden : heavy, huge, intolerable, unsustainable; administrative, economic, financial

verb + burden : impose, increase, place; bear, carry, share, shoulder; ease, lift, reduce, shift

bur|dened /bɜː ^r d ^ə nd/

1 ADJ If you are burdened with something, it causes you a lot of worry or hard work. □ [+ with ] Nicaragua was burdened with a foreign debt of $11 billion. □ [+ by ] They may be burdened by guilt and regret.

2 ADJ If you describe someone as burdened with a heavy load, you are emphasizing that it is very heavy and that they are holding it or carrying it with difficulty. [EMPHASIS ] □ [+ by ] Anna and Rosemary arrived, burdened by bags and food baskets. [Also + with ]

bur|den|some /bɜː ^r d ^ə nsəm/ ADJ If you describe something as burdensome , you mean it is worrying or hard to deal with. [WRITTEN ] □  …a burdensome debt. □  The load was too burdensome.

bu|reau /bjʊə roʊ/ The usual plural in British English is bureaux . The usual plural in American English is bureaus . 1 N‑COUNT A bureau is an office, organization, or government department that collects and distributes information. □ [+ of ] …the Federal Bureau of Investigation. □  …the Citizens' Advice Bureau.

2 N‑COUNT A bureau is an office of a company or organization which has its main office in another town or country. [mainly AM , BUSINESS ] □  …the Wall Street Journal's Washington bureau.

3 N‑COUNT A bureau is a writing desk with shelves and drawers and a lid that opens to form the writing surface. [BRIT ]

4 N‑COUNT A bureau is a chest of drawers. [AM ]

bu|reau|cra|cy /bjʊrɒ krəsi/ (bureaucracies )

1 N‑COUNT [usu pl] A bureaucracy is an administrative system operated by a large number of officials. □  State bureaucracies can tend to stifle enterprise and initiative.