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3 ADJ A sophisticated person is intelligent and knows a lot, so that they are able to understand complicated situations. □  These people are very sophisticated observers of the foreign policy scene.

so|phis|ti|ca|tion /səf I st I ke I ʃ ^ə n/

1 N‑UNCOUNT The sophistication of machines or methods is their quality of being more advanced or complex than others. □ [+ of ] Given the sophistication of modern machines, there is little that cannot be washed at home.

2 N‑UNCOUNT Sophistication is the quality of being comfortable in social situations and knowing about culture, fashion, and other matters that are considered socially important. □  James Bond is known for his sophistication, his style and his sense of class.

3 N‑UNCOUNT Sophistication is the quality of being intelligent and knowing a lot, so that you are able to understand complicated situations. □  Growing sophistication among biotech investors presented an opportunity for a more specialist investment fund.

soph|ist|ries /sɒ f I striz/ N‑PLURAL Sophistries are clever arguments that sound convincing but are in fact false. [FORMAL ] □  They refuted the 'sophistries of the economists'.

soph|ist|ry /sɒ f I stri/ N‑UNCOUNT Sophistry is the practice of using clever arguments that sound convincing but are in fact false. [FORMAL ] □  Political selection is more dependent on sophistry and less on economic literacy.

sopho|more /sɒ fəmɔː ^r / (sophomores ) N‑COUNT A sophomore is a student in the second year of college or high school. [AM ]

sopo|rif|ic /sɒ pər I f I k/ ADJ Something that is soporific makes you feel sleepy. [FORMAL ] □  …the soothing, soporific effects of sitting by an open fire .

sop|ping /sɒ p I ŋ/ ADJ Something that is sopping or sopping wet is extremely wet. [INFORMAL ] □  They came back sopping wet.

sop|py /sɒ pi/ (soppier , soppiest ) ADJ If you describe someone or something as soppy , you mean that they are foolishly sentimental. [BRIT , INFORMAL ] □  He's constantly on the phone to his girlfriend being soppy.

so|pra|no /səprɑː noʊ, -præ n-/ (sopranos ) N‑COUNT A soprano is a woman, girl, or boy with a high singing voice. □  She was the main soprano at the Bolshoi theatre. □  …a pretty girl with a sweet soprano voice.

sor|bet /sɔː ^r be I , [AM ] -b I t/ (sorbets ) N‑VAR Sorbet is a frozen dessert made with fruit juice, sugar, and water. [mainly BRIT ] □  …a light lemon sorbet. in AM, use sherbet

sor|cer|er /sɔː ^r sərə ^r / (sorcerers ) N‑COUNT In fairy stories, a sorcerer is a person who performs magic by using the power of evil spirits.

sor|cer|ess /sɔː ^r sər I s/ (sorceresses ) N‑COUNT In fairy stories, a sorceress is a woman who performs magic by using the power of evil spirits.

sor|cery /sɔː ^r səri/ N‑UNCOUNT Sorcery is magic performed by using the power of evil spirits.

sor|did /sɔː ^r d I d/

1 ADJ If you describe someone's behaviour as sordid , you mean that it is immoral or dishonest. [DISAPPROVAL ] □  I don't want to hear the sordid details of your relationship with Sandra.

2 ADJ If you describe a place as sordid , you mean that it is dirty, unpleasant, or depressing. [DISAPPROVAL ] □  …the attic windows of their sordid little rooms.

sore /sɔː ^r / (sorer , sorest , sores )

1 ADJ If part of your body is sore , it causes you pain and discomfort. □  It's years since I've had a sore throat like I did last night. □  My chest is still sore from the surgery. ●  sore|ness N‑UNCOUNT □  The soreness lasted for about six weeks.